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Children's Health4 min read

Childhood Vaccinations: What Parents Need to Know

Dr Ethan Chellan5 March 2026Updated 10 April 2026

Why Vaccinations Matter

Vaccinations are one of the greatest achievements in public health, preventing millions of childhood deaths worldwide each year. In South Africa, the Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI) provides free vaccines for children at public health facilities, and private practices like NeoHealth offer the full schedule along with additional recommended vaccines.

The South African Immunisation Schedule

The immunisation schedule begins at birth:

  • At birth: BCG (tuberculosis) and first dose of oral polio vaccine
  • 6 weeks to 18 months: Vaccines against hepatitis B, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), Haemophilus influenzae type b, pneumococcal disease, rotavirus, and measles
  • 18 months: Booster doses (essential for maintaining immunity)
  • 6 years: Additional booster doses

Don't Forget the Boosters

Many parents remember the initial infant vaccines but forget the boosters — these are just as important for long-term protection.

Additional Recommended Vaccines

Beyond the EPI schedule, we recommend:

  • Varicella (chickenpox)
  • Hepatitis A
  • Meningococcal vaccine
  • Annual influenza vaccine

These are not part of the free government programme but provide valuable additional protection.

Common Side Effects

Common side effects of vaccination include mild fever, fussiness, and soreness at the injection site. These are normal signs that the immune system is responding and typically resolve within 24 to 48 hours. Serious side effects are extremely rare.

Addressing Vaccine Concerns

Misinformation about vaccines continues to circulate on social media. The evidence is overwhelming and clear: vaccines are safe, effective, and essential for your child's health. At NeoHealth, Dr Chellan is happy to discuss any concerns you may have and help you make informed decisions about your child's immunisation schedule.

Frequently Asked Questions

When should my child start receiving vaccinations?

Vaccinations begin at birth with BCG (tuberculosis) and the first dose of oral polio vaccine. The schedule continues with regular doses through to 18 months, with boosters at 18 months and 6 years.

Are childhood vaccines safe?

Yes. The evidence is overwhelming that vaccines are safe and effective. Common side effects like mild fever and soreness at the injection site are normal signs that the immune system is responding and typically resolve within 24 to 48 hours.

What vaccines are recommended beyond the government EPI schedule?

Additional recommended vaccines include varicella (chickenpox), hepatitis A, meningococcal vaccine, and the annual influenza vaccine. These provide valuable extra protection beyond the free government programme.

About the Author

Dr Ethan Chellan

Dispensing General Practitioner & Co-founder

Stellenbosch graduate. Born and raised in Tulbagh, trained in the rural Eastern Cape. CMSA Diplomas in Child Health and HIV Management, FPD Mental Health certification. Your first point of contact for...

MBChB (Stellenbosch University)

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