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HIV4 min read

PrEP: HIV Prevention for High-Risk Individuals

Dr Ethan Chellan22 March 2026Updated 10 April 2026

What Is PrEP?

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, commonly known as PrEP, is one of the most significant advances in HIV prevention in recent decades. When taken consistently, PrEP reduces the risk of getting HIV:

  • From sex by approximately 99%
  • From injecting drugs by at least 74%

PrEP consists of a daily oral tablet containing two antiretroviral medicines — tenofovir and emtricitabine. It works by maintaining sufficient levels of medication in the bloodstream to block HIV from establishing an infection if exposure occurs.

Who Should Consider PrEP?

PrEP is recommended for HIV-negative individuals at ongoing high risk, including:

  • People with an HIV-positive partner
  • Individuals who do not consistently use condoms with partners of unknown HIV status
  • People who have had a bacterial STI in the past six months
  • People who inject drugs and share equipment

Starting PrEP at NeoHealth

Starting PrEP involves:

  1. Initial consultation with Dr Chellan
  2. HIV test to confirm negative status
  3. Kidney function tests
  4. Sexual health assessment

Once on PrEP, three-monthly follow-up visits are required to monitor HIV status, kidney function, and overall health.

Availability and Side Effects

PrEP is available in South Africa through the public sector free of charge, and privately through practices like NeoHealth. Side effects are generally mild and often resolve within a few weeks:

  • Nausea
  • Headache
  • Mild fatigue

Important to Remember

PrEP is not a substitute for other prevention strategies. Using condoms alongside PrEP provides the most comprehensive protection against HIV and other STIs. If you think PrEP may be right for you, speak to Dr Chellan for a confidential assessment.

Frequently Asked Questions

How effective is PrEP at preventing HIV?

When taken consistently, PrEP reduces the risk of getting HIV from sex by approximately 99% and from injecting drugs by at least 74%. It is one of the most effective HIV prevention tools available.

Who should take PrEP?

PrEP is recommended for HIV-negative individuals at ongoing high risk, including people with an HIV-positive partner, those who don't consistently use condoms with partners of unknown status, people who have had a recent STI, and people who inject drugs.

Does PrEP have side effects?

Side effects are generally mild and may include nausea, headache, and mild fatigue. These typically resolve within a few weeks. Regular three-monthly check-ups monitor kidney function and overall health.

About the Author

Dr Ethan Chellan

Dispensing General Practitioner & Co-founder

Stellenbosch graduate. Born and raised in Tulbagh, trained in the rural Eastern Cape. CMSA Diplomas in Child Health and HIV Management, FPD Mental Health certification. Your first point of contact for...

MBChB (Stellenbosch University)

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